Processing technology of axial forgings

Machining of shaft forgings

(1) the function and structural features of the shaft parts

1, function: to support the transmission parts (gear, pulley, etc.), transmission torque, acceptance load, and ensure that the workpiece or tool installed on the spindle has a reversal precision.

2, classification: according to its structural features, shaft parts can be divided into four types: optical axis, ladder axis, hollow axis and abnormal axis (including crankshaft, camshaft and eccentric shaft, etc.).

A variety of axis

A) optical axis B) hollow shaft c) half shaft d) stepped shaft E) spline axis f) cross axis g eccentric axis

H) crankshaft I) camshaft

According to the share of the length and diameter of the shaft, it can be divided into two categories: the rigid axis (L/d < 12) and the flexible shaft (L/d > 12).

3. Exterior features: outer circle, inner hole, cone, thread, spline and transverse hole.

(two), primary skills demand:

1, scale precision

The journal is the primary appearance of shaft parts, which affects the accuracy and operation of the shaft. The diameter accuracy of the journal is usually IT6 to 9 according to its application requirements, and the fine axle neck can reach IT5.

2, a few shape precision

The shape accuracy (roundness and cylindricity) of the journal should be limited to the tolerance point of diameter. When the requirements for shape accuracy are relatively high, the tolerances allowed on the part drawing can be separately specified.

3, azimuth precision

It refers to the coaxiality of the co axis neck of the installation of the transmission parts relative to the supporting Journal of the bearing, which is usually indicated by the radial round jitter of the supporting journal. The high precision axis of the rule is 0.001 to 0.005mm, and the precision axis is 0.01 to 0.03mm.

Besides, there is also the concentricity of the cylindrical surface and the straightness requirement of the axial positioning end and the axial line.

4. surface roughness

According to the different parts of the parts, there are different surface roughness values. For example, the surface roughness of the spindle neck of the general machine tool is Ra0.16 to 0.63um, and the outer surface roughness of the co axis neck is Ra0.63 to 2.5um, with the increase of machine working speed and the improvement of the fine degree, the surface roughness of the shaft parts. The demand for value will also become smaller and smaller.